Moscow & The Golden Ring, Russia
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 Pornographic actresses for the studio Digital Playground. From left to right: Jesse Jane, Katsuni, Raven Alexis, Riley Steele, Janie Summers, Kayden Kross, at the AVN Adult Entertainment Expo (2010) | |
| Occupation | |
|---|---|
| Names | pornographic (film) actor/actress, pornographic performer, adult entertainer, porn star |
Activity sectors | Entertainment, sex industry |
| Description | |
Fields of employment | Film |
Related jobs | Actor, sex worker |
A pornographic film actor or actress, pornographic performer, adult entertainer, or porn star is a person who performs sex acts in video that is usually characterized as a pornographic movie. Such videos tend to be made in a number of distinct pornographic subgenres and attempt to present a sexual fantasy; the actors selected for a particular role are primarily selected on their ability to create or fit that fantasy. Pornographic videos are characterized as either softcore, which does not contain depictions of sexual penetration or extreme fetishism, and hardcore, which can contain depictions of penetration or extreme fetishism, or both. The genres and sexual intensity of videos is mainly determined by demand. Depending on the genre of the film, the on-screen appearance, age, and physical features of the actors and their ability to create the sexual mood of the video is of critical importance. Most actors specialize in certain genres, such as straight, bisexual, gay, lesbian, bondage, strap-on, anal, double penetration, semen swallowing, teenage, orgy, age roleplay, fauxcest, interracial or MILFs and more.
The pornography industry in the United States was the first to develop its own movie star system, primarily for commercial reasons. In other countries, the "star" system is not common, with most actors being amateurs. Most performers use a pseudonym and strive to maintain off-screen anonymity. A number of pornographic actors and actresses have written autobiographies. It is very rare for pornographic actors and actresses to successfully cross over to the mainstream film industry. Certain pornographic actors have leveraged their success to branch into different entrepreneurial endeavours, such as Jenna Jameson's ClubJenna.
Leaked patient database of Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation in 2011 contained details of over 12,000 pornographic actors that it had tested since 1998, providing estimates of the number of pornographic film actors who have worked in the United States.[1][2] As of 2011, it was reported that roughly 1,200–1,500 performers were working in California's "Porn Valley".[2]
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The on-screen physical appearances of the female performers is of primary importance. They are typically younger in age than their male counterparts, in their teens, 20s, and 30s. There is a preference in the industry for thinness and large-breasted actresses; some film studios encourage their actresses to have breast implants, and offer to pay for the procedure.[12]
According to actor-turned-director Jonathan Morgan:
Less desirable actresses are more likely to agree to perform more extreme and high-risk sexual acts such as "double-anal" in order to get work. According to Morgan:
Some performers note that "a performer's pleasure is not of primary importance" and that "porn sex is not the same as private sex".[13]
According to a study investigating health risks for industry performers, female performers experience significantly higher risk within their job role than male performers. The study reported:
Furthermore, there is a contrary opinion stating that porn production is not necessarily unethical or degrading. According to Lynn Comella, a women's studies professor at UNLV, presenting demeaning practices as representative of the entire porn industry is "akin to talking about Hollywood while only referencing Spaghetti Westerns".[15]
- Celia Blanco – Secretos de una pornostar (2005) (in Spanish)[50]
- Jerry Butler – Raw Talent (1990, ISBN 087975625X)[51]
- Marilyn Chambers – My Story (1975, ISBN 0446798274)
- Christy Canyon – Lights, Camera, SEX! (2005, ISBN 0972747001)[52]
- Jenna Jameson – How to Make Love Like a Porn Star: A Cautionary Tale (2005)[53]
- Ron Jeremy – The Hardest (Working) Man in Showbiz (2006, ISBN 0060840838)[54]
- Traci Lords – Traci Lords: Underneath It All (2003)[55]
- Linda Lovelace – Inside Linda Lovelace (1974), The Intimate Diary of Linda Lovelace (1974), Ordeal (1980), and Out of Bondage (1986)
- Shelley Lubben – Truth Behind the Fantasy of Porn: The Greatest Illusion on Earth (2010, ISBN 9781453860076)[56]
- Monica Mayhem – Absolute Mayhem: Secret Confessions of a Porn Star (2010, ISBN 1616080914)[57]
- Tera Patrick – Sinner Takes All: A Memoir of Love and Porn (2009, ISBN 1592405223)[58]
- Kay Parker - Taboo: Sacred, Don't Touch (2001, ISBN 0971368406)
- Harry Reems – Here Comes Harry Reems! (1975, ISBN 0523004591)
- Rocco Siffredi – Io, Rocco (2006, ISBN 8804559950) (in Italian)[12]
- Annie Sprinkle – Annie Sprinkle: Post-Porn Modernist (1991)[59]
- Ilona Staller – Per amore e per forza (2007) (in Italian)[60]
- Sunset Thomas – Anatomy of an Adult Film (2009, ISBN 1935444204)[61]
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